Neuroplasticity can be conceptualized as an intrinsic property of the brain that enables modification of function and structure in response to environmental demands. The concept of neuroplasticity is quite new, and it is one of the most important discoveries in neuroscience. The fact is that neural networks are not fixed, but occuring and disappearing dynamically troughout our whole life, depending on experiences. The brain damage caused by a stroke may result in the loss of cerebral function. However, the brain can use neuroplasticity to adjust itself functionally, by reorganizing the cortical maps, which contributes to the stroke recovery. The changes in the cortex organization include an increase in the number and density of dendrites, synapses and neurotrophic factors synthesis. We distinguish structural from functional neuroplasticity. After establishing the fact that brain has a possibility of remodeling its own neural maps, the main guestion is how to direct this neuroplasticity to regain lost functions caused by a neurologic deficit