Injuries to the cervical spine are very common due to its anatomical structure and position, and for the same reason, lower-intensity trauma can lead to greater damage. The risk groups for injury are men aged 16 - 30 and over 65, and the biggest risk factor is car accidents. The most common types of cervical spinal injuries in forensic medicine are: atlantoaxial rotational displacement, fracture of the odontoid processus, C2 extension, traumatic spondylolisthesis C2 or hanging fracture, rotational fracture with dislocation, hyperflexion fracture, hyperextension fractures and, as a separate entity, whiplash injury. Whiplash neck injury is the most common injury in road accidents and is classified in five degrees numbered from 0 to 4 depending on the severity of symptoms. The reason why whiplash neck injury is classified as a separate entity is because it arises from a combination of hyperflexion and hyperextension. A common complication associated with neck injuries is blunt cerebrovascular injury where due to the force of movement bone and ligamentous structures of the spine, damage to the integrity of the blood vessels of the neck occurs and consequently can lead to cerebrovascular insult. Forensic examination of the cervical spine takes into account the reduction of life activity of the injured as well as 3 key components: the extent of anatomical damage, the extent of functional damage and the prognosis of the disease. Only damage to the bone structure of cervical spine is classified as physical injury if all function is intact, while only damage to the spinal cord is considered ordinary or particularly serious physical injury even if bone structures are intact due to the loss of function.