The pregnancy lasts approximately 280 days, or 40 weeks. Since women experience a number of physiological and psychological changes crucial for the development of a regular pregnancy, these 9 months are very significant in their lives. Some of the adjustments refer to the urinary tract, with numerous structural and functional changes that are mainly due to hormonal but also various other effects. This thesis depicts urological diseases that may affect pregnant women, with particular emphasis on urinary infections, urolithiasis, and kidney tumors in pregnancy and their treatment. These disease groups are very specific and important for obstetricians. For example, asymptomatic bacteriura should only be treated in pregnant women. Acute pyelonephritis is the most frequent renal complication in pregnancy and the most common non-obstetric cause of hospitalization of pregnant women. Furthermore, urolithiasis in pregnancy requires a completely different first choice of diagnosis and treatment than in the general population. Urological diseases in pregnancy are not uncommon and are associated with numerous difficulties that modify the outcome of pregnancy, maternal health, but also numerous impairments in child. Urological conditions in pregnancy are a major diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. When conducting a quick assessment and a proper treatment, the prognosis looks promising. Whenever pregnancy is jeopardized, there is a risk of harming the fetus through various interventions. Due to the advancement of medicine, however, this risk is minimized. In this study, these issues are addressed on the basis of different sources, by bringing diverse views and opinions of many authors and by describing the most significant findings and controversies related to this topic.