Dental health and the prevention of dental caries in the early childhood are the most important factors for oral health later in life. Modern concept of oral health related to the quality of life has developed in the last few decades. The situation in Croatia shows a high prevalence of dental caries in children of school age, which indicates the need for a change. The motivation of parents and children to change their habits in the direction of a healthy lifestyle is very complex and continuous process. The paper presents through chapters the guidelines by which to act. This refers primarily to the organized system of education of pregnant women, parents, children and other population about the importance of regular oral hygiene, healthy nutrition, dental examination and education. Expanding health education in kindergartens and schools together with the development of practical skills is becoming more and more important in Croatia and worldwide, all in order to increase the awareness of health protection. The paper deals with the growth and development of a child from a conception to adolescence and it presents different types of children's behavior in the dental office. The problems of non-cooperation and fear in children can be managed through good communication techniques With a great effort and commitment of a dental team, children's dental offices can become places for playing and learning, where children love to come and feel safe. This paper further discusses the project carried out in primary schools of the city of Rijeka, which was aimed to estimate the prevalence of dental caries and oral health status of the first grade students. The results show high caries prevalence (78%). Oral health and the frequency of dental office visits are not satisfactory. This suggests that preventive health programs are welcome in all areas. but that it is necessary to work on other segments, e.g. legal, which would instill an obligation of regular dental visit.