Emanuel Edward Klein (1844−1925), anatomist, embryologist, physiologist, histologist, and microbiologist, has finished medicine in Vienna and developed his professional career in London. Due to the fact that his greatest contributions were in microbiology, his researches in the other fields of medicine such as anatomy were generally neglected. In this respect this paper tries to systematically present his anatomical researches. Special notion is given to the highlighting of the connection between his earlier Viennese and his later London years in order to establish his role in the transmission of the knowledge between the Continent, precisely the Viennese Medical School, and the United Kingdom. With this goal the archival sources comprised of the original documents on Klein’s life, the library sources composed of the primary and the secondary sources about Klein’s career, and finally Klein’s published works were analysed. Descriptive, comparative and analytical methods were used with the aim of their evaluation. Emanuel Edward Klein’s anatomical researches were thus interpreted in the general context of the development of medicine at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century and with the regard to the contemporary medical achievements.