In this short review the development of NiTi material and endodontic instruments and their utilization techniques are presented. The emphasis is set on the chosen NiTi Hero Shaper system. In the study 16 extracted human teeth with single root canal were utilized. Teeth were divided into two groups, opened with high speed drill and water spray cooled, irrigated with 5%solution of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). The root canals were explored, and the teeth were then instrumented and obturated. The teeth of first group were hand instrumented utilizing Step Back technique, and the teeth of the second group with NiTi Hero Shaper instruments. All the work was done on Castelini Duo unit with drill engine Castellini Goldspeed E16. During mechanical instrumentation rotation speed was set at 300rpm. Sets of yellow, red and blue protocols were used, depending on the size and curvature of the rot canals. Root Time was measured by a sport stopwatch, and the resulting values were compared. The results indicate that engine driven instruments have the advantage in time required for instrumentation of root canals compared to hand instrumentation technique. The difference in obturation length was not significantly different between two utilized techniques. According the previously mentioned, it is necessary to be able to utilize NiTi systems, but their implementation depends on the financial circumstances weather patients want to pay for the increased price of endodontic treatment.