In the population of people that underwent carotid endarterectomy, restenosis occurs in its symptomatic form in 0.65% to 3.6% of cases, and in its asymptomatic form in 8.8% to 19% of cases. Factors that are considered to affect the occurrence of restenosis are the technique of endarterectomy (is a patch used or not, is the eversion or conventional technique of endarterectomy used), are drugs like aspirin, clopidogrel or statins used, are other diseases like metabolic syndrome or diabetes present and are there elevated levels of matrix metalloprotease 2 and 9 present in the serum. Use of patches during artery closure is considered the most important factor that reduces risk of restenosis, and it should be used whenever possible. The conventional CEA is considered to be better for larger plaques, while the eversion CEA is considered to be better for smaller ones. The use of statins is recommended even though they don’t reduce the incidence of restenosis, but they do reduce the incidence of other complications. Patients that have other comorbidities that hasten the process of atherogenesis, like diabetes and metabolic syndrome should have a more frequent follow up. In the future, if other researches show the usefulness of matrix metalloproteases 2 and 9 as biomarkers, their serum levels could be used as an early sign of restenosis and with that enable us to prevent further complications with a timely intervention.