Diabetes is a global epidemic and one of the leading public health issues in contemporary society. Its development is significantly influenced by lifestyle changes associated with reduced physical activity, consumption of high-calorie foods, and the increasing prevalence of obesity. The risk of diabetes complications increases with the duration of the disease. Since many patients are unaware that they have diabetes, numerous individuals already have developed complications by the time they are diagnosed. Chronic complications of diabetes can be divided into microvascular and macrovascular, with microvascular complications being more prevalent than macrovascular ones. Besides physical consequences, diabetes as a chronic illness greatly impacts the mental health of patients and reduces the quality of life for both the individual and their family. Managing diabetes presents various challenges, such as the burden of adhering to diabetic regimes, concerns about the future and potential complications, and feelings of guilt when disease management is unsuccessful. Diabetes, as a lifelong chronic disease, poses a complex burden for self-monitoring and is a challenge for every individual. Approximately one-third of people with diabetes experience psychological and/or social issues that interfere with their ability to manage diabetes independently. Individuals with diabetes are at a higher risk for diabetes-related distress, depression, anxiety, and eating disorders. Mental comorbidities of diabetes complicate adherence to treatment and, when not timely diagnosed and treated, increase the risk of serious health consequences for the patient.