Prostate cancer is the second most frequent malignant neoplasm among the male population in the world, therefore it represents a serious global health problem. Annually, 1.4 million new cases and 397,000 deaths are recorded globally, which ranks this disease in fourth place in terms of incidence, and in eighth place in terms of mortality among malignant neoplasms in men. Prostate cancer primarily refers to malignant changes in the epithelium, therefore it is classified as cancer. The peripheral glandular tissue of the prostate is most often affected by neoplastic changes. The clinical picture of prostate cancer can range from an asymptomatic, microscopic, well-differentiated tumor to a symptomatic, aggressive cancer that causes distant metastases and causes death. At the time of diagnosis, 78% of patients have localized cancer, 12% have affected regional lymph nodes, and 6% have distant metastases. Multimodal treatment includes the synchronized application of pharmacological and non-pharmacological procedures while integrating the patient into the treatment process itself. The initial assessment of the patient must include a digital rectal examination, serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) before any treatment, and the Gleason score should also be determined in the initial biopsy. Active surveillance is defined as the postponement of definitive therapy with the introduction of treatment if there is clinical evidence of disease progression and is most often applied in local and low-risk cancers. Radical prostatectomy is a surgical procedure that removes the entire prostate along with its capsule and seminal vesicles, and is performed in patients who are in the medium-risk group, while in patients in the high-risk group, it is performed as part of multimodal treatment. Radiotherapy and brachytherapy are also used as part of multimodality treatment and are combined with other forms of treatment. Neoadjuvant hormonal therapies are used to reduce tumor volume and improve resection rates.