Knee osteoarthritis is the most common degenerative joint disease, whose incidence increases as populations age. In advanced stages, knee osteoarthritis disease treatment considers the implantation of a total knee endoprosthesis. Longterm survival of total knee endoprosthesis depends on the correct positioning of prosthesis components in all three planes, with respect to the reconstruction of the biomechanical relations of the lower extremities. Mistakes in surgical technique are the most common reason for inaccurate implantation of the total knee endoprosthesis components. The development of instruments for total knee arthroplasty enhanced the results of total knee arthroplasty and significant progress was achieved with the introduction of the computer navigation system in knee surgery in 1997. Virtual linking of anatomical structures, primarily the bone anatomy of the patient, with computer images of the same, using image search data or intraoperative anatomic data, each surgical action is displayed on the monitor in real time on a computer-shaped model. Virtual three-dimensional reproductions of the knee using a computer system enable accurate resection of the articular surface and precise implantation of total knee endoprosthesis components. The precise positioning of total knee endoprosthesis components and the reconstruction of the biomechanical relations allow faster recovery, aggressive physiotherapy, and longer survival of endoprosthesis which reduce the cost of the health system and increase patient satisfaction.