The review presents a focused examination of IBDs, primarily concentrating on CD and UC, encompassing their etiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic modalities, therapeutic strategies, and nutritional considerations. Etiologically, a complex interplay of genetic predisposition and environmental triggers are accountable for the rising global incidence of IBDs. Clinical manifestations vary but common symptoms include chronic diarrhea, abdominal pain, fatigue, and weight changes. Diagnosis entails a comprehensive evaluation including detailed clinical history, physical examination, laboratory assessment, and endoscopic investigation to differentiate between CD and UC accurately. Distinguishing features between CD and UC lie in their distinct patterns of inflammation and distribution within the gastrointestinal tract. Therapeutically, management of IBDs adopts a stepwise approach aimed at inducing and maintaining disease remission while minimizing complications. Treatment modalities encompass a range of pharmacological agents, including aminosalicylates, corticosteroids, and immunomodulators, tailored according to disease severity and response to therapy. Nutritional considerations play a pivotal role in the management of IBDs, with dietary factors exerting a significant influence on disease activity and progression. While Western diets rich in meats, sugars, and fats are associated with increased IBD risk, diets abundant in fiber, fruits, vegetables, and omega-3 PUFAs confer protective effects. Furthermore, malnutrition of various origins represents a common complication in IBDs. Nutritional assessment tools, alongside regular monitoring of biochemical parameters, aid in early detection and management of malnutrition. Nutritional interventions, especially enteral nutrition, play a vital role in achieving and maintaining disease remission, particularly in pediatric CD patients.