| Abstract | Cilj istraživanja: Ispitati učinkovitost žvakanja u djece. Analizirati povezanost učinkovitosti
žvakanja sa stanjima stomatognatog sustava (karijes, gubitak antagonističkih kontakata,
mobilno-protetska terapija) te povezanost sa prehrambenim navikama i stupnjem uhranjenosti.
Ispitanici i metode: U istraživanje je uključeno 92 ispitanika (48 muškog i 44 ženskog spola)
u dobi od 3 do 14 godina. Ispitanici su podjeljeni u 4 skupine na način da su u skupinu 1
uključeni ispitanici s bilateralnim dubokim karijesnim lezijama i očuvanim svim
antagonističkim kontaktima (N = 24); u skupinu 2 su uključeni ispitanici s bilateralnom
izgubljenim antagonističkim kontaktima (N = 24); ispitanici kojima je bilateralni gubitak zuba
nadoknađen mobilnim protetskim nadomjeskom uključeni su u skupinu 3 (N = 20) te su
ispitanici s potpunom, zdravom denticijom uključeni u skupinu 4 (N = 24). Prikupljeni su opći
podaci i podaci o stanju stomatognatog sustava te je određen percentil indeksa tjelesne mase
ispitanika. Procijenjena je učinkovitost žvakanja ispitanika metodom kompjuterske analize
sažvakanih čestica. Ispitanici su kroz 20 mastikatornih ciklusa žvakali standardiziranu
silikonsku zamjenu za bolus nakon čega je određen broj i veličina sažvakanih čestica. Procjena
nutritivnog statusa uključivala je određivanje prosječnog dnevnog unosa makro- i
mikronutrijenata pomoću trodnevnih dnevnika prehrane.
Rezultati: Pronađena je statistički značajna razlika broja i veličine sažvakanih čestica između
skupine 4 i skupina 1, 2 i 3. Frekvencija je povezana sa stupnjem boli, brojem antagonističkih
kontakata te brojem protetski nadomještenih zuba. Postoji značajna pozitivna korelacija broja
sažvakanih čestica i percentila indeksa tjelesne mase te značajna negativna korelacija veličina
čestica i percentila indeksa tjelesne mase. Površina sažvakanih čestica je značajan prediktor
kalorijskog udjela proteina, ugljikohidrata i šećera te unosa ugljikohidrata i vitamina B12.
Zaključci: Djeca s dubokim karijesnim lezijama i izgubljenim antagonističkim kontaktima
imaju narušenu mastikatornu funkciju u odnosu na djecu za potpunom, zdravom denticijom.
Djeca kod koje je provedena mobilna protetska terapija također imaju narušenu mastikatornu
funkciju. Površina sažvakanih čestica predviđa unos proteina, ugljikohidrata, šećera i vitamina
B12. Povećanje učinkovitosti žvakanja povezano je s povećanjem percentila indeksa tjelesne
mase. |
| Abstract (english) | Objectives: To assess chewing efficiency in children. To analyze the association between
chewing efficiency and conditions of the stomatognathic system (caries, contact loss,
removable prosthodontic therapy) and the association with feeding behavior and nutrition.
Participants and methods: 92 participants (48 male, 44 female) aged 3 to 14 years were
included in the research. Participants were divided into 4 groups: group 1 included children
with bilateral deep carious lesions and preserved all antagonistic contacts (N = 24); group 2
included participants with bilateral antagonistic contact loss (N = 24); participants with dentures
were included in group 3 (N = 20), and children with complete, healthy dentition were included
in group 4 (N = 24). General data and data on the state of the stomatognathic system were
collected. The chewing efficiency was evaluated using the optical scanning method.
Participants chewed a standardized silicone test food through 20 masticatory cycles, after which
the number and size of the chewed particles were determined via computer analysis. The
percentile of the body mass index of the participants was determined after measuring body
height and weight. Assessment of feeding behavior included determination of average daily
intake of macro- and micronutrients using the three-day food record.
Results: A statistically significant difference in the number and size of chewed particles was
found between group 4 and groups 1, 2, and 3. Chewing frequency is in correlation with the
degree of pain, the number of antagonistic contacts, and the number of teeth within the dentures.
There is a significant positive correlation between the number of chewed particles and the
percentile of body mass index (BMI) and a significant negative correlation between particle
size and BMI percentile. Particle surface is a significant predictor of the energy (kcal)
percentage of protein, carbohydrates, and sugars, as well as of the intake of carbohydrates and
vitamin B12.
Conclusions: Children with deep carious lesions, contact loss, or who are denture wearers have
impaired mastication in comparison to children with complete, healthy dentition. Particle
surface predicts the daily energy percent proportion of protein, carbohydrates, and sugars, as
well as the daily intake of carbohydrates and vitamin B12. Increased chewing efficiency is
associated with an increase in BMI percentile.
Keywords: Objectives: To assess chewing efficiency in children. To analyze the association between
chewing efficiency and conditions of the stomatognathic system (caries, contact loss,
removable prosthodontic therapy) and the association with feeding behavior and nutrition.
Participants and methods: 92 participants (48 male, 44 female) aged 3 to 14 years were
included in the research. Participants were divided into 4 groups: group 1 included children
with bilateral deep carious lesions and preserved all antagonistic contacts (N = 24); group 2
included participants with bilateral antagonistic contact loss (N = 24); participants with dentures
were included in group 3 (N = 20), and children with complete, healthy dentition were included
in group 4 (N = 24). General data and data on the state of the stomatognathic system were
collected. The chewing efficiency was evaluated using the optical scanning method.
Participants chewed a standardized silicone test food through 20 masticatory cycles, after which
the number and size of the chewed particles were determined via computer analysis. The
percentile of the body mass index of the participants was determined after measuring body
height and weight. Assessment of feeding behavior included determination of average daily
intake of macro- and micronutrients using the three-day food record.
Results: A statistically significant difference in the number and size of chewed particles was
found between group 4 and groups 1, 2, and 3. Chewing frequency is in correlation with the
degree of pain, the number of antagonistic contacts, and the number of teeth within the dentures.
There is a significant positive correlation between the number of chewed particles and the
percentile of body mass index (BMI) and a significant negative correlation between particle
size and BMI percentile. Particle surface is a significant predictor of the energy (kcal)
percentage of protein, carbohydrates, and sugars, as well as of the intake of carbohydrates and
vitamin B12.
Conclusions: Children with deep carious lesions, contact loss, or who are denture wearers have
impaired mastication in comparison to children with complete, healthy dentition. Particle
surface predicts the daily energy percent proportion of protein, carbohydrates, and sugars, as
well as the daily intake of carbohydrates and vitamin B12. Increased chewing efficiency is
associated with an increase in BMI percentile. |
