The intensity of labor pain affects the mother's experience of childbirth. Labor pain is caused by uterine contractions and the passage of the fetus through the birth canal. The most common pharmacological method of analgesia during childbirth is neuraxial anesthesia, which also includes spinal analgesia. Medications used in spinal analgesia are local anesthetics, to which low doses of opioid analgesics can be added. The purpose of this work is to present the most significant advantages and disadvantages of spinal analgesia during childbirth by analyzing the available literature and research. The rapid onset of action of spinal analgesia, effective reduction of pain intensity and low incidence of complications and side effects are one of the most significant advantages of spinal analgesia during childbirth. According to the presented research, the low dose of opioids in spinal analgesia in the dose in which it is administered does not affect the results of the Apgar test, therefore it has no negative effects on the fetus. Complications can be divided into those caused by the execution technique and those caused by drugs that we consider side effects. Each drug must be administered in an adequate dose, and side effects due to an inadequate dose of the drug can be mild, such as itching, nausea, and vomiting, to more severe, such as total spinal block or systemic toxicity. In addition to taking care of the correct dose of the drug, the skill of performing spinal analgesia is also important. A careful and correct way of performing spinal analgesia reduces the risk of infection, and also a properly chosen injection site and needle direction reduce the possibility of nerve and spinal cord injury. Choosing the appropriate size and shape of the spinal needle reduces the risk of post-puncture headache. Although complications and side effects exist, considering the very low incidence, the benefits of spinal analgesia outweigh the possible risks of complications.