Aim: Aim: The aim of this study was to examine knowledge, attitudes and behavior towards medical genetics in specialists and neurology residents in the Republic of Croatia. Materials and Methods: 66 specialists and neurology residents in the Republic of Croatia participated in the study. Respondents filled out an online questionnaire anonymously and voluntarily between January and April 2021. The validated questionnaire consisted of 84 questions that were divided into five groups: Basic demographics, knowledge, behavior in their own practice, attitudes towards genetic testing and additional education in medical genetics. Results: The median knowledge was: 10 (range 6-10) of 10 possible points for the role of genetic factors in medicine, 5 (range 2-8) of 8 possible points for the basis of the occurrence of certain diseases, 6 (range 3-8) of 9 possible points for genetic testing, 4 (range 3-6) of 6 possible points for the role of a neurology specialist doctor in the care of patients with genetic diseases, and 7 (range 4-11) of 13 possible points for the role of genetic factors in neurology. Also, 93.9% of neurologists report that there is a chance that they may not sufficiently identify patients with genetic disorders, and 63.3% do not regularly refer patients for genetic testing. Participants' attitudes towards genetic testing were positive, and 91.3% of respondents thinking they needed additional education in medical genetics. Conclusion: Our research points to the fact that neurology specialists and residents possess very good knowledge in the field of general genetics, and worse in the field of applied genetics in neurology. The obtained results point to the fact that additional educations are needed with the aim of raising the level of knowledge in neurogenetics, which would allow more successful care for patients with genetic disorders in neurology.