The testicular tumor presents 5% of all urological tumors in men and its incidence is increasing. Environmental factors, genetics, numerous risk factors, maternal behavior, and the child's condition during pregnancy and after birth play a major role in this. Testicular tumors are histopathologically classified into five groups, the most common of which are germinal tumors. Testicular neoplasm in most cases occurs as a painless swelling in the scrotum, which is confirmed by physical examination and ultrasound. During diagnosis, it is very important to monitor serum tumor markers that allow monitoring of progression, return and therapy of the tumor. There is also a variety of anatomical, hormonal, and genetic etiological factors that cause cryptorchidism that occurs in 4-5% of infants. The condition carries great danger for the development of testicular tumors and infertility. Infertile men are 20% more likely to develop testicular tumors and cryptorchidism is also present in 10% of infertile men. Infertility treatment should be comprehensive, and every patient should be advised to have sperm cryopreservation prior to the testicular operation, so that after surgery, the male could still have offspring.