Musculoskeletal disorders are conditions that affect mostly the locomotor system, affecting only one or more parts of the system. Musculoskeletal disorders are a major problem in dentistry due to severe and often persistent pain, functional limitations, and inability to perform daily activities. The most commonly affected parts of the body are the neck (52%), the lower spine (41 %), the shoulders (29 %) and the wrist (26 %). Prolonged, repetitive, uncomfortable and strong hand movements, incorrect body position and incorrectly positioned patient, poor choice of instruments and ergonomically poorly designed workstation and excessive work all of these lead to musculoskeletal diseases. Today, more importance is given to the design of ergonomic dental instruments, those instruments that dentists will achieve the best possible effect with as little effort as possible. Balanced or neutral position is the concept of correct position during work and it is recommended to use it during most procedures. It is recommended to perform stretching exercises between patients. Education and prevention of musculoskeletal diseases among dentists is of great importance since the risks, incidence and severity of musculoskeletal diseases are reduced because neither conservative nor surgical treatment is not completely successful.