| Abstract (croatian) | Retrospektivna studija o incidenciji malarije u Hrvatskoj od 1987. do 2006. temeljena je na službenim podacima
Hrvatskog zavoda za javno zdravstvo. U tom razdoblju u Hrvatskoj je registriran 201 slučaj malarije. Najvi{e (79,6%)
slučajeva bilo je importirano iz Afrike, znatno manje iz Azije (17%) te po nekoliko slučajeva iz Južne Amerike ili nepoznatih
lokaliteta. Jedan slučaj zavr{io je smrtnim ishodom. Od uzročnika utvr|eni su Plasmodium falciparum (64,7%), Plasmodium
vivax (19,9%), Plasmodium malariae (2,0%), Plasmodium ovale (0,5%), i miješane infekcije (6,0%), a u 6,9% slu-
čajeva uzročnik nije odre|en. U oboljelih je kemoprofilaksa primijenjena redovito i ispravno u 23,3% slučajeva, neredovito
u 8,0%, neispravno u 9,5%, za 9,5% nije poznato, a preostalih 48,7% nije ju provodilo. Oko 70% oboljelih su pomorci,
a preostali dio čine radnici na privremenom radu u tropskim zemljama i turisti. U zaključku se zagovaraju mjere prevencije
u osoba koje borave u malaričnim područjima svim oblicima informiranja o bolesti, provođenje trajne kemoprofilakse te
rigorozne kontrole i praćenje svih prispjelih iz rizičnih sredina. Zbog potencijalne opasnosti od razvoja endemije i širenja
importiranih uzročnika pozornost valja usmjeriti ponajprije na održavanje svijesti u zdravstvu o potrebi prepoznavanja
unesenih slučajeva i što brže adekvatne terapije |
| Abstract (english) | A retrospective study about the incidence of malaria in Croatia in the period from 1987 to 2006 based on the
official data of the Croatian National Institute of Public Health. In this period there were 201 cases of malaria registered in
Croatia. The majority (79.6%) were imported from Africa, a significantly lower number from Asia (17%), and several
cases from South America or from unknown locations. One case ended in death. The causative agents determined are Plasmodium
falciparum (64.7%), Plasmodium vivax (19.9%), Plasmodium malariae (2.0%), Plasmodium ovale (0.5%), and
mixed infections (6.0%). The causative agent was not discovered in 6.9% of the cases. Chemoprophylaxis was given to
patients in regular intervals and correctly in 23.3% of the cases, in irregular intervals in 8.0% of the cases, incorrectly in
9.5% of the cases, in 9.5% the manner of application is unknown, and the remaining 48.7% did not use chemoprophylaxis.
Approximately 70% of the patients are seamen, and the remaning are workers temporarily working in tropical countries and
tourists. In conclusion, authors argue in favour of prevention measures in persons who stay in malarious areas, by providing
them with information about the disease, applying permanent prophylaxis and rigorous control, as well as monitoring all
persons arriving from risky areas. On account of the danger of the possible reintroduction of malaria and spreading imported
causative agents, we should focus our attention primarily on the early detection and appropriate therapy of infected
cases from abroad. |
