Title DOBROĆUDNI TUMORI MOZGA I LUBANJE Title (english) BENIGN BRAIN AND SKULL TUMORS Author Suzana Zeko Mentor Darko Ledić (mentor)Committee member Mira Bučuk (predsjednik povjerenstva)Committee member Željko Župan (član povjerenstva)Committee member Dean Girotto (član povjerenstva)Granter University of Rijeka Defense date and country 2019-07-12, Croatia Scientific / art field, BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Scientific / art field, BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Scientific / art field, BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Abstract Tumore mozga definiramo kao abnormalne mase koje se razvijaju u bilo kojem
razdoblju života. Mogu biti primarni ako nastaju iz stanica neuroepitelnog tkiva ili sekundarni,
pod kojima se podrazumijevaju metastaze iz drugih tumora mozga ali i drugih organa. Primarne
tumore dalje dijelimo na benigne i maligne. Najčešći benigni tumor je meningeom, neglijalni
tumor podrijetlom iz arahnoideje. Osnovna podjela obuhvaća meningeome smještene na
konvekstitetu mozga i druge na lubanjskoj bazi. Drugi tip neglijalnih dobroćudnih tumora su
kraniofaringeomi. Obje navedene vrste, jednako kao i treća, adenomi hipofize, razvijaju se u
selarnom području i mogu uzrokovati smetnje vida pritiskom na hijazmu očnog živca. Iz
skupine neglijalnih tumora, kao najbenignije tvorbe izdvajaju se pilocitični astrocitom i
švanomi.
Svi dobroćudni tumori svojom lokalizacijom i ekspanzivnim (rijetko infiltrativnim) rastom
uzrokuju neurološke simptome. Karakteriziraju ih glavobolje, nastanak fokalnog neurološkog
deficita, razvoj epileptičkih napadaja i nespecifične kognitivne promjene. Nakon detaljne
anamneze i dobrog neurološkog pregleda, pacijenta se upućuje na jednu ili više slikovnih
metoda (CT, MRI, MRA, kraniogram, PET itd.) te niz drugih pretraga ako postoji indikacija.
Ponekad predilekcijska mjesta određenih tumora mogu biti iznimno važna u postavljanju
kliničke dijagnoze, stoga je nužno odlično poznavanje anatomije SŽS-a.
Oblici liječenja koji dolaze u obzir jesu mikroneurokirurški zahvati s brojnim mogućnostima
pristupa tumoru, hormonsko liječenje, kemoterapija, konvencionalna radioterapija i
stereotaktička radiokirurgija. Prognoza oboljelih od dobroćudnih lezija, ovisit će prvenstveno
o dobi, prisutnim komorbiditetima, vrsti tumora i brzini njegova rasta te patohistološkom
stupnju bolesti. Cilj liječenja jest uklanjanje novotvorine i očuvanje zdrave neurološke funkcije
svakog pojedinca.
Abstract (english) Brain tumors are defined as abnormal masses that can form in any period of life. They
can be divided into primary tumors, which develop from neuroepithelial cells or secondary
tumors, which include metastases from either brain itself or other organs. Primary tumors are
further divided into benign and malignant. The most common benign tumor is meningioma,
non-glial tumor derived from arachnoidea. Meningiomas can occur on the convexity of the
brain or on the cranial floor. Craniopharyngiomas are another type of non-glial benign tumors.
A pituitary adenoma, as well as these two types, form in the sellar region; they can subsequently
cause vision problems by pressing the optic chiasm. The most benign types of tumors are
pilocytic astrocytoma schwannoma.
All benign tumors can cause neurological symptoms due to its location and expansive (rarely
infiltrating) growth. The symptoms usually include headaches, focal neurological deficits,
epileptic seizures and other non specific congnitive changes. In diagnosing brain tumors,
anamnesis and neurological status precede imaging (CT, MRI, MRA, craniogram, PET scan
etc.) and other methods, depending on the indication. Predilection spots of some tumors can be
of great importance in the diagnosing process; knowing the anatomy of CNS is hence necessary.
Treatment options for these tumors include microneurosurgical interventions with many
possible approaches to tumors, hormonal therapy, chemotherapy, conventional radiotherapy
and stereotactic radiosurgery. The prognosis depends primarily on age, comorbidities, type and
expansion of the tumor and pathohistological findings. The goal of treatment is removing the
tumor, as well as maintaining a healthy neurological function of each individual.
Keywords
tumori mozga
Keywords (english)
brain tumors
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:184:049715 Study programme Title: Medicine Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Open access Terms of use Created on 2020-01-15 09:51:56
