Title (croatian) Komplikacije nakon presađivanja bubrega
Title (english) Complications after kidney transplantation
Author Stela Živčić-Ćosić
Author Zlatko Trobonjača
Author Branka Sladoje-Martinović
Author Lidija Orlić
Author's institution University of Rijeka Faculty of Medicine (Department of Internal Medicine)
Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Clinical Medical Sciences Internal Medicine
Abstract (croatian) Za većinu bolesnika presađivanje bubrega najbolje je nadomjesno liječenje kod bubrežnog
zatajenja, no ono je često povezano s razvojem komplikacija. Vodeći uzroci završnog zatajivanja
bubrega (šećerna bolest, arterijska hipertenzija i ateroskleroza), starenje dijalitičke populacije
te širenje kriterija za prihvaćanje sve većeg broja primatelja i darivatelja organa značajno povećavaju
morbiditet. U prvoj godini nakon presađivanja bubrega najčešći su uzroci gubitka presatka
akutno odbacivanje, arterijska tromboza, primarna afunkcija presatka i smrt, dok se nakon prve
godine najviše presadaka gubi zbog smrti bolesnika s funkcionirajućim presatkom te kronične nefropatije
presatka. Prema podacima našeg centra (KBC Rijeka), tijekom proteklog 25-godišnjeg
razdoblja srčanožilne bolesti su uzrokovale smrt u 44,8 % primatelja, infekcije u 20,1 % i zloćudni
tumori u 8,4 % slučajeva, s time da u 17,5 % primatelja nije bio poznat uzrok smrti. U ovom radu
opisane su najčešće komplikacije nakon presađivanja bubrega, načini njihovog otkrivanja i liječenja.
Reakcija odbacivanja presatka zauzima značajno mjesto među uzrocima kronične nefropatije
i gubitka funkcije presatka. Akutna reakcija odbacivanja uz današnje imunosupresivno liječenje
javlja se u manje od 15 % bolesnika i većinom ima asimptomatski tijek, a porast koncentracije serumskog
kreatinina je kasni i nespecifični pokazatelj. Radi ranog otkrivanja reakcije odbacivanja
te drugih uzroka oštećenja presatka ispituju se metode imunosnog praćenja koje, pored određivanja
protutijela usmjerenih protiv stanica presatka i biljega stanične aktivacije, uključuju prikazivanje
gena te određivanje bjelančevina i metabolita u krvi, mokraći i bioptatu presatka. Ove metode
mogle bi omogućiti individualizaciju imunosupresivnog liječenja i pravodobno liječenje
komplikacija, a time i poboljšanje rezultata liječenja presađivanjem bubrega.
Abstract (english) Renal transplantation is the best replacement therapy for renal failure in most patients,
but it is often associated with development of complications. The leading causes of
end-stage renal failure (diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension and atherosclerosis), aging of
the population undergoing dialysis and widening of the acceptance criterias for both recipients
and donors, significantly increase morbidity. During the first year after transplantation,
most grafts are lost due to acute rejection, arterial thrombosis, primary graft non-function and
death. After the first year, most grafts are lost due to death from other causes, but with a functioning
graft, and chronic allograft nephropathy. According to the data collected in our institution
during the last twenty-five years, cardiovascular diseases caused death in 44.8 % recipients,
infection in 20.1 % and malignant tumors in 8.4 %, while in 17.5 % of cases, the cause of
death was unknown. This paper addresses the etiology of the most common complications after
renal transplantation. Acute allograft rejection is a significant cause of chronic nephropathy
and graft loss. With available immunosuppressive treatments, it occurs in less than 15 % of
patients, it is frequently asymptomatic and a rise in serum creatinine is a late and nonspecific
marker. For early diagnosis of rejection and causes of graft damage, several methods of immune
monitoring are investigated, including not only the determination of antibodies against
the allograft and markers of cell activation, but also gene profiling and determination of proteins
and metabolites in blood, urine and biopsy specimens. These methods could allow individualised
immunosuppressive treatments and timely treatment of complications, leading to
an improvement of results after renal transplantation.
Keywords (croatian)
akutna reakcija odbacivanja
imunosno praćenje
transplantacija bubrega
Keywords (english)
acute rejection
immunologic monitoring
renal transplantation
Language croatian
Publication type Professional paper - Review paper
Publication status Published
Peer review Peer review
Publication version Published version
Journal title Medicina Fluminensis : Medicina Fluminensis
Numbering vol. 46, no. 4, pp. 434-447
p-ISSN 0025-7729
URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:184:996742
Publication 2010-12-08
Document URL http://hrcak.srce.hr/63066
Type of resource Text
Access conditions Open access
Terms of use
Created on 2017-05-09 15:15:33