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Scientific paper - Original scientific paper
Absorption of Toxicants from the Ocular Surface: Potential Applications in Toxicology
Biomedicines, 13 (2025), 3; 645. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13030645
Šoša, Ivan; Perković, Manuela; Baniček Šoša, Ivanka; Grubešić, Petra; Linšak, Dijana Tomić; Strenja, Ines

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Šoša, I., Perković, M., Baniček Šoša, I., Grubešić, P., Linšak, D. T. & Strenja, I. (2025). Absorption of Toxicants from the Ocular Surface: Potential Applications in Toxicology. Biomedicines, 13. (3). doi: 10.3390/biomedicines13030645

Šoša, Ivan, et al. "Absorption of Toxicants from the Ocular Surface: Potential Applications in Toxicology." Biomedicines, vol. 13, no. 3, 2025. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13030645

Šoša, Ivan, Manuela Perković, Ivanka Baniček Šoša, Petra Grubešić, Dijana Tomić Linšak and Ines Strenja. "Absorption of Toxicants from the Ocular Surface: Potential Applications in Toxicology." Biomedicines 13, no. 3 (2025). https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13030645

Šoša, I., et al. (2025) 'Absorption of Toxicants from the Ocular Surface: Potential Applications in Toxicology', Biomedicines, 13(3). doi: 10.3390/biomedicines13030645

Šoša I, Perković M, Baniček Šoša I, Grubešić P, Linšak DT, Strenja I. Absorption of Toxicants from the Ocular Surface: Potential Applications in Toxicology. Biomedicines [Internet]. 2025 March 06 [cited 2025 March 07];13(3). doi: 10.3390/biomedicines13030645

I. Šoša, M. Perković, I. Baniček Šoša, P. Grubešić, D. T. Linšak and I. Strenja, "Absorption of Toxicants from the Ocular Surface: Potential Applications in Toxicology", Biomedicines, vol. 13, no. 3, March 2025. [Online]. Available at: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:184:352189. [Accessed: 07 March 2025]

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Metadata
Title (english)Absorption of Toxicants from the Ocular Surface: Potential Applications in Toxicology
AuthorIvan Šoša
AuthorManuela Perković
AuthorIvanka Baniček Šoša
AuthorPetra Grubešić
AuthorDijana Tomić Linšak
AuthorInes Strenja
Author's institutionUniversity of Rijeka
Faculty of Medicine
(Department of Anatomy)
Author's institutionUniversity of Rijeka
Faculty of Medicine
(Department of Neurology)
Author's institutionUniversity of Rijeka
Faculty of Medicine
(Department of Environmental Medicine)
Scientific / art field,
discipline and subdiscipline		BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE
Clinical Medical Sciences
Abstract (english)
In relation to the eye, the body can absorb substances from the ocular surface fluid (OSF) in a few ways: directly through the conjunctival sac, through the nasal mucosa as the fluid drains into the nose, or through ingestion. Regardless of the absorption method, fluid from the conjunctival sac should be used as a toxicological matrix, even though only small quantities are needed. Contemporary analytical techniques make it a suitable matrix for toxicological research. Analyzing small quantities of the matrix and nano-quantities of the analyte requires high-cost, sophisticated tools, which is particularly relevant in the high-throughput environment of new drug or cosmetics testing. Environmental toxicology also presents a challenge, as many pollutants can enter the system using the same ocular surface route. A review of the existing literature was conducted to assess potential applications in clinical and forensic toxicology related to the absorption of toxicants from the ocular surface. The selection of the studies used in this review aimed to identify new, more efficient, and cost-effective analytical technology and diagnostic methods.
Keywords (english)
Languageenglish
Publication typeScientific paper - Original scientific paper
Publication statusPublished
Peer reviewPeer review - international
Publication versionPublished version
Journal titleBiomedicines
Numberingvol. 13, no. 3, 645
e-ISSN2227-9059
DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13030645
URN:NBNurn:nbn:hr:184:352189
Publication2025-03-06
Document URLhttps://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/3/645
Type of resourceText
Access conditionsOpen access
Terms of useLicence Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) icon
Created on2025-03-07 07:19:40