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Scientific paper - Review paper
What is more common in fatal caffeine intoxication – suicide or unintentional overdose?
Arhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju, 75 (2024), 4; 240-243. https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2024-75-3918
Lušić, Dražen; Bezak, Sara; Brčić Karačonji, Irena

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Lušić, D., Bezak, S. & Brčić Karačonji, I. (2024). What is more common in fatal caffeine intoxication – suicide or unintentional overdose?. Arhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju, 75. (4), 240-243. doi: 10.2478/aiht-2024-75-3918

Lušić, Dražen, et al. "What is more common in fatal caffeine intoxication – suicide or unintentional overdose?." Arhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju, vol. 75, no. 4, 2024, pp. 240-243. https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2024-75-3918

Lušić, Dražen, Sara Bezak and Irena Brčić Karačonji. "What is more common in fatal caffeine intoxication – suicide or unintentional overdose?." Arhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju 75, no. 4 (2024): 240-243. https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2024-75-3918

Lušić, D., Bezak, S. and Brčić Karačonji, I. (2024) 'What is more common in fatal caffeine intoxication – suicide or unintentional overdose?', Arhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju, 75(4), pp. 240-243. doi: 10.2478/aiht-2024-75-3918

Lušić D, Bezak S, Brčić Karačonji I. What is more common in fatal caffeine intoxication – suicide or unintentional overdose?. Arhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju [Internet]. 2024 [cited 2025 March 05];75(4):240-243. doi: 10.2478/aiht-2024-75-3918

D. Lušić, S. Bezak and I. Brčić Karačonji, "What is more common in fatal caffeine intoxication – suicide or unintentional overdose?", Arhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju, vol. 75, no. 4, pp. 240-243, 2024. [Online]. Available at: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:184:238486. [Accessed: 05 March 2025]

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Metadata
Title (english)What is more common in fatal caffeine intoxication – suicide or unintentional overdose?
Title (croatian)Otrovanje kofeinom sa smrtnim ishodom – je li češće samoubojstvo ili slučajno predoziranje?
AuthorDražen Lušić
AuthorSara Bezak
AuthorIrena Brčić Karačonji
Author's institutionUniversity of Rijeka
Faculty of Medicine
Scientific / art field,
discipline and subdiscipline		BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE
Public Health and Health Care
Abstract (english)
Caffeine is a natural stimulant of plant origin found in many products such as coffee, tea, chocolate, and energy drinks. It is also often used as an active substance in over-the-counter drugs such as painkillers and preparations for the treatment of colds and allergies. While caffeine is generally considered safe when moderately consumed, excessive intake in a single dose or through repeated small doses over time can lead to caffeine intoxication. Symptoms of caffeine intoxication can vary depending on the amount of caffeine consumed and can include restlessness, rapid heart rate, muscle tremors, nausea, vomiting, and confusion. In severe cases, caffeine intoxication can lead to convulsions, coma, and even death. This mini-review presents an overview of caffeine’s characteristics and intoxication including symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment. It addresses risk factors associated with caffeine intoxication and presents current recommendations for safe caffeine consumption. The studies we have reviewed suggest that in cases of fatal caffeine intoxications, intentional intoxication is more common than unintentional.
Abstract (croatian)
Kofein je prirodni stimulans biljnog podrijetla koji se nalazi u mnogim prehrambenim proizvodima poput kave, čaja, čokolade i energetskih napitaka. Također, često se koristi kao jedna od aktivnih tvari u bezreceptnim lijekovima poput lijekova protiv bolova i pripravaka za liječenje prehlade i alergija. Dok se kofein općenito smatra sigurnim ako se umjereno konzumira, pretjerani unos u jednoj dozi ili ponavljanim malim dozama tijekom vremena može dovesti do otrovanja kofeinom. Simptomi otrovanja kofeinom ovise o količini konzumiranog kofeina i mogu uključivati nemir, ubrzan rad srca, drhtanje, mučninu, povraćanje i zbunjenost. Teški slučajevi otrovanja kofeinom moge dovesti do konvulzija, kome, pa čak i smrti. U ovom su preglednom radu prikazane karakteristike otrovanja kofeinom uključujući uzroke, simptome, dijagnozu i liječenje. Opisani su čimbenici rizika povezani s otrovanjem kofeinom te navedene trenutne preporuke za sigurnu konzumaciju kofeina. Iz rezultata objavljenih istraživanja prikazanih u ovome preglednom radu može se zaključiti da je u slučajevima smrtonosnih otrovanja kofeinom, namjerno otrovanje češće nego slučajno.
Keywords (english)
Keywords (croatian)
Languageenglish
Languagecroatian
Publication typeScientific paper - Review paper
Publication statusPublished
Peer reviewPeer review
Publication versionPublished version
Journal titleArhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju
Numberingvol. 75, no. 4, pp. 240-243
p-ISSN0004-1254
e-ISSN1848-6312
DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2024-75-3918
URN:NBNurn:nbn:hr:184:238486
Publication2024
Document URLhttps://hrcak.srce.hr/324298
Type of resourceText
Access conditionsOpen access
Terms of useLicence Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) icon
Created on2025-03-05 10:09:06