Renal colic is a type of severe, unilateral pain that occurs suddenly, from full health, and is localised in the flank area and sometimes spreads towards the groin and genitalia. The most common cause of renal colics is the occurrence of stones in the urinary system. The quality of pain depends on the location of the stone in the urinary tract, and the intensity depends on the level of obstruction, ureter spasm and the presence of urinary infection. Colics are accompanied by nausea and vomiting. On inspection the patient is pale and sweaty, sometimes tachycardic and tachypnoic, and presents with restlessness due to pain that prevents them from finding a comfortable position. They often present with urinary symptoms such as frequent, difficult and intermittent urination. Upon physical examination, patients present with soft abdomen, sensitive to touch, without signs of peritoneal irritation. Blood and urine tests are usually normal or slightly abnormal in form of haematuria and elevated leukocytes. Renal colics along with blood in the urine are highly suspicious of urolithiasis. Differential diagnosis of renal colic is broad, so the diagnosis must be confirmed by radiological imaging. Since pain is the main symptom of renal colics, therapy includes analgesics, along with hydration and, if necessary, antiemetics. First line of treatment is non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Spasmolytics are also often used to aid pain management, because they relax the ureter muscles and help pass stones. Patients are usually discharged home after the initial treatment with instructions on analgesics and spasmolytics, hydration and urologic chekup. Hospitalization is necessary only in rare cases. In those cases, if urolithiasis is present, surgical intervention is necessary. Surgical treatment includes methods like ureterenoscopy, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, and percutaneous nephrolithotomy.