Title Omalizumab u liječenju kronične spontane urtikarije
Title (english) Omalizumab in the Treatment of Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria
Author Sandra Knežević
Mentor Sandra Peternel (mentor)
Committee member Marija Kaštelan (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee member Srđan Novak (član povjerenstva)
Committee member Larisa Prpić Massari (član povjerenstva)
Granter University of Rijeka Faculty of Medicine (Department of Dermatovenerology) Rijeka
Defense date and country 2022-07-15, Croatia
Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Clinical Medical Sciences Dermatovenerology
Abstract Uvod: Kronična spontana urtikarija (CSU) definirana je prisutnošću urtikarije, sa ili bez angioedema, u razdoblju od 6 tjedana ili duže bez određenog uzroka. CSU koja je rezistentna na antihistaminike liječi se omalizumabom, rekombinantnim monoklonskim humaniziranim antitijelom protiv humanog imunoglobulina E (IgE).
Cilj: Predstaviti naše iskustvo s primjenom omalizumaba u liječenju bolesnika s CSU-om.
Ispitanici i metode: U ovoj retrospektivnoj studiji pregledani su klinički i laboratorijski parametri bolesnika s CSU liječenim omalizumabom u razdoblju od veljače 2019. do lipnja 2022. godine u Kliničkom bolničkom centru Rijeka. Aktivnost bolesti procijenjena je pomoću sedmodnevne ocjene aktivnosti urtikarije (weekly urticaria activity score, UAS7). Potpuni odgovor (complete response, CR) definirali smo kao smanjenje početnog UAS7 za ≥90 % ili postizanje UAS7≤6, a djelomični odgovor (engl. partial response, PR) kao smanjenje od 30 do 89 % u odnosu na početne vrijednosti UAS7.
Rezultati: U procijenjenom razdoblju ukupno je 18 pacijenata primilo najmanje jednu dozu omalizumaba. Bilo je 14 žena i 4 muškarca, srednje dobi od 57 godina (raspon 27 - 75 godina). Median vrijednosti UAS7 bio je 31. U 56% pacijenata, urtikarija je bila popraćena ponavljajućim epizodama angioedema. Ukupna razina serumskog IgE bila je povišena u 61% bolesnika, dok je 50% pacijenata imalo barem jedan atopijski komorbiditet, uključujući rinokonjunktivitis, astmu ili anamnezu alergije na lijekove. Pronađeni su dokazi o autoimunom tiroiditisu u 44% bolesnika. U prvom šestomjesečnom ciklusu terapiju je završilo ukupno 14 pacijenata. Do kraja 1. ciklusa terapije, 13 pacijenata postiglo je CR, a 1 pacijent je postigao PR. Od 13 pacijenata koji su imali potpuni odgovor, 5 pacijenta postiglo je CR već nakon prve primijenjene doze lijeka, tj. unutar 4 tjedna od početka liječenja. Većina bolesnika također je ušla u relaps bolesti u prosjeku 7 tjedana od aplikacije zadnje doze. Ipak, postigli su CR odmah nakon ponovnog uvođenja terapije. Četiri pacijenta postiglo je dugotrajnu remisiju bolesti nakon samo jednog ciklusa terapije. Nije bilo povezanosti između odgovora na liječenje i ispitivanih laboratorijskih parametara.
Zaključak: Prema našem iskustvu, omalizumab je učinkovit lijek u liječenju CSU s neadekvatnim odgovorom na četverostruku dozu antihistaminika, kao i u ponovnoj primjeni kod relapsa nastalom po prekidu terapije.
Abstract (english) Introduction: Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is defined by the presence of urticaria, with or without angioedema, for a period of 6 weeks or longer without a specific cause. CSU that is refractory to antihistamines is treated with omalizumab, a recombinant monoclonal humanized antibody against human immunoglobulin E (IgE).
Objective: To present our experience with the use of omalizumab in the treatment of CSU patients.
Material and methods: In this retrospective study, clinical and laboratory parameters of patients with CSU treated with omalizumab at the Clinical Hospital Center (CHC) Rijeka in the period from February 2019 until June 2022 were reviewed. Disease severity was assessed using the 7-day Urticaria Activity Score (UAS7). We defined complete response (CR) as a reduction of ≥90% in baseline UAS7 or achievement of UAS7≤6 and partial response (PR) as a reduction of 30-89% from baseline UAS7.
Results: In the evaluated period, a total of 18 patients received at least a single dose of omalizumab. There were 14 women and 4 men, with a median age of 57 years (range 27 - 75 years). The median baseline UAS7 score was 31. In 56% urticaria was accompanied by recurrent episodes of angioedema. Total serum IgE level was elevated in 61% of patients while 50% of patients had at least one atopic comorbidity, including rhinoconjunctivitis, asthma, or history of drug allergy. There was evidence of autoimmune thyroiditis in 44% of patients. A total of 14 patients completed the first 6-month cycle of therapy. By the end of the 1st cycle of therapy, 14 patients reached CR and 1 patient reached PR. Of the 13 patients who had complete response, 5 patients achieved CR 4 weeks after starting the treatment, but also relapsed in average 7 weeks after the last dose. Nevertheless, they achieved CR immediately upon retreatment. Four patients achieved long-term remission after only one cycle of therapy. There was no association between treatment response and laboratory parameters.
Conclusion: In our experience, omalizumab is an effective drug in the treatment of CSU, as well as in the retreatment of the relapsed disease.
Keywords
angioedem
kronična spontana urtikarija
omalizumab
Keywords (english)
angioedema
chronic spontaneous urticaria
omalizumab
Language croatian
URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:184:215232
Study programme Title: Medicine Study programme type: university Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
Type of resource Text
File origin Born digital
Access conditions Open access
Terms of use
Created on 2022-07-11 17:49:52