Title PRETILOST KOD PSIHIJATRIJSKIH BOLESNIKA Title (english) OBESITY IN PSYCHIATRIC PATIENTS Author Valentina Krvar Mentor Ivana Ljubičić Bistrović (mentor)Committee member Daniela Petrić (predsjednik povjerenstva)Committee member Marija Vučić Peitl (član povjerenstva)Committee member Jasna Grković (član povjerenstva)Granter University of Rijeka Defense date and country 2021-06-15, Croatia Scientific / art field, BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Abstract Pretilost je bolest koju karakterizira prekomjerno nakupljanje masnog tkiva koje bitno narušava cjelokupno zdravlje, uz to pretilost čini podlogu za razvoj drugih kroničnih bolesti (kardiovaskularne bolesti, šećerna bolest, novotvorine, mentalne poremećaji). Pretilost u svijetu raste i postala je javnozdravstveni problem na globalnoj razini. 2019. godine SZO u svojim podacima navodi kako je 1.9 bilijuna ljudi pretilo. Pretilost se može javiti kod nekih psihijatrijskih poremećaja (depresija,
... More shizofrenija, kod ovisnika o alkoholu, kod poremećaja ličnosti, nakon stresnog događaja te kod onih koji su bili fizički ili seksualno zlostavljani) kao posljedica simptoma same bolesti. Povećanje tjelesne težine prilikom uporabe antipsihotika je vrlo česta nuspojava, a javlja se u do 85% bolesnika. Antipsihotici blokadom histaminskih (H1), serotoninskih receptora (5-HT2-A, 5- HT2-C) te blokadom dopaminskih (D2 i D3) receptora dovode do povećanja tjelesne težine, a značajno povećanje tjelesne mase povezano je i s povećanim apetitom i s promjenama u metaboličkim putovima. Najveći učinak na povećanje tjelesne mase imaju olanzapin, klozapin, risperidon, kvetiapin. Najvećem povećanju tjelesne mase iz skupine antidepresiva pridonose triciklički antidepresivi kao i inhibitori monoaminooksidaze (MAOI) te inhibitori ponovne pohrane serotonina (SIPPS) što ostvaruju vezanjem za H1 (histaminske receptore). Među antidepresivima najviše se ističu amitriptilin, mirtazapin i escitalopram. Kod uvođenja psihofarmaka koji mogu dovesti do povećanja tjelesne mase potrebno je procijeniti određene parametre (aktualna tjelesna težina, anamnestički podaci o osobnoj i obiteljskoj predispoziciji za pretilost, podaci o šećernoj bolesti, bolestima štitnjače). Pacijente je potrebno educirati i informirati o načelima zdrave i uravnotežene prehrane i o tjelesnoj aktivnosti kako se spriječio razvoj pretilosti i njezine komplikacije. Less Abstract (english) Obesity is a disease characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that significantly impairs overall health, in addition to which obesity forms the basis for the development of other chronic diseases (cardiovascular disease, diabetes, neoplasms, mental disorders). Obesity is growing worldwide and has become a public health problem on a global scale. In 2019, the WHO stated in its data that 1.9 trillion people were obese. Obesity can occur in some psychiatric disorders
... More (depression, schizophrenia, alcohol addiction, personality disorders, after a stressful event, and in those who have been physically or sexually abused) as a result of the symptoms of the disease itself. Weight gain when using antipsychotics is a common side effect, occurring in up to 85% of patients. Antipsychotics lead to weight gain by blockade of histamine (H1), serotonin receptors (5-HT2-A, 5-HT2-C) and blockade of dopamine (D2 and D3) receptors and a significant increase in body weight is associated with increased appetite and changes in metabolic pathways. The greatest effect on weight gain have olanzapine, clozapine, risperidone, quetiapine. From the group of antidepressants, the greatest increase in body weight is contributed by tricyclic antidepressants as well as monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) and serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) which is achieved by binding to H1 (histamine receptors). Among antidepressants, amitriptyline, mirtazapine and escitalopram stand out the most. When introducing psychopharmaceuticals that can lead to weight gain, it is necessary to assess certain parameters (current body weight, anamnestic data on personal and family predisposition to obesity, data on diabetes, thyroid disease). Patients need to be educated and informed about the principles of a healthy and balanced diet, about physical activity to prevent the development of obesity and its complications. Less Keywords
pretilost
psihički poremećaji
antipsihotici
antidepresivi
Keywords (english)
obesity
mental disorders
antipsychotics
antidepressants
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:184:942464 Study programme Title: Medicine Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Open access Terms of use Created on 2021-07-07 07:06:11
