Tooth extraction is one of the most common procedures in modern dental practice. Extraction wounds usually heal without any complications. However, sometimes there is a possibility of a defect forming at the extraction site. Bone resorption changes the esthetics and mechanical properties of the leftover alveolar ridge, thus impacting its ability to carry removable dentures. The degree of bone loss after the extraction is affected by the size of the remaining alveolar socket, the damage that occured during extraction, repositioning of the alveola, periodontal disease, and age, sex, hormonal status, etc. Uniform bone loss is physiological, continuos and lasts a lifetime. Irregular bone loss is uneven, and occures due to pathological conditions such as periodontal disease, local trauma, increased time interval between extractions. This kind of alveolar ridge is uneven and inconvenient for prosthetic rehabilitation. There are different methods that can be used to perserve the alveolar ridge. Bone augmentations and remodelations after extractions, trauma and extreme cases of bone loss present significant challange to today’s medical knowledge. The purpose of these methods is to allow better prosthetic rehabilitations. These methods are alveoloplastics and vestibuloplastics. The most significant aspect of the alveolar ridge preservation after tooth extraction is to prevent the loss of bone tissue. The use of adequate surgical instruments and correctly performed tooth extraction are prerequisites for its conservation.