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Professional paper - Review paper
11
4
Allergy – A Modern Epidemic
Bulat-Kardum, Ljiljana (2013)
Cite this item:
https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:184:037071
Metadata
Language
Croatian
Title (Croatian)
Alergija - moderna epidemija
Title (English)
Allergy – A Modern Epidemic
Author
Bulat-Kardum, Ljiljana
Abstract (Croatian)
Učestalost alergijskih bolesti u svijetu u dramatičnom je porastu posljednjih 20-30 godina. Ovaj porast osobito je izražen u dječjoj dobi. Procjenjuje se da 30-40% osoba u svijetu boluje od jedne ili više alergijskih bolesti, stotine milijuna osoba pate zbog alergijskog rinitisa, a oko 300 milijuna ima astmu. Prevalencija je astme u odraslih i djece između 1-18% s najvećom prevalencijom u zemljama engleskoga govornog područja. Hrvatska s učestalosti od 8% dječje astme spada u zemlje s umjerenim pobolom. U pokušaju da se objasne epidemiološki trendovi u astmi nastale su teorije koje su definirale nove rizične faktore za razvoj i porast astme i alergija. Higijenska hipoteza tumači da izostala, odnosno smanjena izloženost nekim infekcijama rano u djetinjstvu može uzrokovati porast rizika od razvoja alergije. Prema epigenskoj teoriji porast alergijskih bolesti događa se zbog okolišne ekspozicije intrauterino ili rano u životu (duhanu, prometnom onečišćenju, endotoksinima i folatima iz prehrane), što posreduje adaptaciju gena na okoliš.
Abstract (English)
The global incidence of allergic diseases has been on a dramatic increase over the last 20-30 years. This increase is especially pronounced during childhood. It is estimated that 30-40% of people worldwide suffer from one or more allergic diseases, hundreds of millions from allergic rhinitis, and around 300 million have asthma. The prevalence of asthma in adults and children is between 1 and 18% and it is the highest in the English-speaking world. With an 8% incidence of childhood asthma, Croatia belongs to countries with a moderate frequency. In an attempt to explain the epidemiological trends in asthma, theories that defi ne new risk factors for the development and rise of asthma and allergies have emerged. The hygiene hypothesis holds that absent or reduced exposure to certain infections in early childhood can lead to an increased risk of developing allergies. According to epigenetic theory, the increase in allergic diseases is due to environmental exposure (tobacco, traffi c pollution, endotoxins and folates from the diet), either during intrauterine development or early in life, which mediates in gene adaptation to the environment.
Keywords (Croatian)
astma
alergijski rinitis
alergije
prevalencija
higijenska hipoteza
epigenska teorija
Keywords (English)
asthma
allergic rhinitis
allergy
prevalence
hygiene hypothesis
epigenetic theory
Publication type
professional paper - review paper
Publication status
published
Peer review
peer review
Journal title
Medicus
Numbering
2013, Vol. 22, No. 2_Respiratorni_Konti, pp 79-82
ISSN
1330-013X
e-ISSN
1848-8315
Date
publication: 05.11.2013.
Article URL
http://hrcak.srce.hr/111744
Scientific field
BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE
Clinical Medical Sciences
Internal Medicine
Institution
University of Rijeka, Faculty of Medicine
(Department of Internal Medicine)
URN:NBN
https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:184:037071