Poison can be considered as any substance of natural or synthetic origin and products derived from them, which when entered in the body or in contact with it can threaten the health and life of the organism, or adverse effects on the environment. Toxicology is a scientific discipline that studies the toxins and their substance to the biological, chemical, medical and pharmacological level. The dose of a substance is extremely important when considering application. Small amounts may have a positive therapeutic effect, while large can prove lethal. Because of the use of poisons in the environment in the form of pesticides, there is growing concern about the protection of chemically assisted production. We must remember that environmentally hazardous substances are not necessarily poisons and vice versa. Poisons have historically been a favorite choice of murder weapons. The use of certain toxins, such as arsenic, cyanide and strychnine dates back to antiquity. By the 16th century handling poisons has become a kind of art form. Poisons used for centuries due to the development of successful methods of detection have dropped out of use. However, the poisons are constantly evolving, new substances appear on the market with high potential for criminal use.Together with their development, science and technology of their detection must also advance. Keywords: poison,