Abstract (croatian) | Cilj. Ispitati epidemiološke i kliničke razlike između žena i muškaraca s akutnim infarktom miokarda (AIM).
Bolesnici i metode. Ova retrospektivna studija obuhvatila je 579 bolesnika (352 muškarca i 221 ženu) hospitaliziranih u koronarnoj i postkoronarnoj jedinici u Opće bolnice, Karlovac, Hrvatska, od 2013. do 2016. godine. Utvrdili smo učestalost, dob bolesnika, tip simptoma, kardiovaskularne rizične čimbenike, lokalizaciju, vrijeme od početka simptoma do dolaska u bolnicu, liječenje i komplikacije tijekom hospitalizacije AIM-a.
Rezultati. AIM je češći kod muškaraca nego kod žena (P < 0,001) i kod muškaraca je značajno vjerojatnije da će se pojaviti u ranijoj dobi nego kod žena (P < 0,001). Muškarci češće imaju tipične simptome, a žene atipične simptome (P = 0,045). Žene imaju češće arterijsku hipertenziju (P = 0,017) i dijabetes (P = 0,025), dok su muškarci češće pušači (P = 0,001). Hiperlipidemija je podjednako zastupljena u oba spola (P = 0,674). Distribucija lokalizacije (P = 0,608), vrijeme potrebno za dolazak u bolnicu (P = 0,399) i sve komplikacije AIM-a su podjednako česti (P = 0,365). Muškarci se češće liječe invazivnom, a žene konzervativnom terapijom.
Zaključak. U usporedbi s drugim istraživanjima, naše žene s AIM-om imaju manju učestalost hiperlipidemije i ne dolaze kasnije u bolnicu od muškaraca. Mogući razlozi su prehrambene navike i genetika ili obrazovanje i dobra organizacija izvanbolničke hitne medicinske pomoći. |
Abstract (english) | Aim. To assess the epidemiological and clinical differences between men and women with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
Patients and methods. This retrospective study included 579 patients (352 men and 221 women) who were hospitalized in the coronary and postcoronary unit in the General Hospital, Karlovac, Croatia, from 2013 to 2016. We determined the frequency, patient's age, the type of symptoms, cardiovascular risk factors, localization, the time from onset of symptoms to arrival at the hospital, treatment and complications during hospitalization of AMI.
Results. AMI is more frequent in men than in women (P < 0.001) and in men is significantly more likely to occur at an earlier age than in women (P < 0.001). Men often have typical symptoms, and women atypical symptoms (P = 0.045). Women have more often arterial hy-pertension (P = 0.017) and diabetes (P = 0.025), while men are more often smokers (P = 0.001). There was no difference between the gender regarding hyperlipidemia (P = 0,674). Distribution of localization (P = 0.608), the time required for the arrival at the hospital (P = 0,399) and all the complications of AMI are equal (P = 0.365). Men are more likely to receive PCI treatment, while women conservative therapy (P = 0.007).
Conclusion. Compared with other studies, our women with AMI have less hyperlipidemia and do not come later to a hospital than men. Possible causes are dietary habits and genetics or education and good organization of outpatient emergency medical assistance. |